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Amir Nathoo is reimagining the future of education by building products that put students at the center of their learning experience. As the Founder and CEO of Outschool, Amir has created a marketplace for remote, personalized, interest-based learning that’s challenging traditional K-12.

In this episode of CRAFTED., we explore how Amir founded and grew Outschool, including the 15x spike in usage during the pandemic.

Post-pandemic, alternative education and homeschooling continues to rise. As Amir says: “The idea that a single institution could fulfill all of your kids' needs or all of all kids' needs is completely unrealistic…. Mass personalization is needed.” And he sees Outschool as the integration layer for all those teachers, students, and institutions.

You will learn a ton from Amir’s approach to product development and disruption.

Key takeaways for product builders:

1. Start with a Niche Audience, Then Expand

Amir and Outschool began by targeting a specific group—secular homeschoolers—who had unmet needs in education. By serving this niche well, they achieved product-market fit before scaling to a broader audience.

2. Co-Creation, FTW
Outschool's initial product was shaped through customer co-creation and iterative development, testing small features before scaling them.

3. Solve Real Problems, But Keep Early Stakes Low
While Outschool addressed a critical need (supplemental education), they started with interest-based, "low-stakes" classes. This allowed them to test and refine their offering without the pressure that would’ve come with offering “core” classes.

4. Build a Two-Sided Marketplace with Balance
Creating a thriving marketplace like Outschool required balancing teacher supply with student demand. Amir emphasized solving the “chicken and egg” problem by manually curating both sides early on.

5. Pay Attention to the Market and Adapt Quickly
When the COVID-19 pandemic hit, Outschool responded quickly by offering free training sessions for schools who needed to understand remote learning, scaling their platform, and adding free classes to serve families in need.

***
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CRAFTED. is produced by Modern Product Minds, where CRAFTED. host Dan Blumberg and team can help you take a new product from zero to one... and beyond. We specialize in early stage product discovery, growth, and experimentation. Learn more at modernproductminds.com

Hilary Mason is a world-builder. She’s a serial entrepreneur, machine learning expert, and now, as the founder and CEO of Hidden Door, she’s creating immersive experiences where fans can interact with their favorite characters from books and movies.

The choose-your-own-adventures style games are an amazing blend of AI and human creativity — and Hilary is passionate about both:

On this episode of CRAFTED., we discuss what AI is good at and how to create a great marriage of human and machine. And Hilary is not holding back…

Listen for a masterclass on building with AI and building with creativity and soul.

• (02:00) - – This moment in AI: figuring out the right use cases and design patterns
• (05:00) - – Founding Hidden Door
• (09:00) - – Why “controllability” is so important
• (11:00) - – Enabling fans want to play with their favorite characters
• (13:00) - – Why text-based games are so great
• (15:00) - – Behind the scenes of how Hidden Door builds for fun
• (19:00) - – AI has caused a moment of “industry-wide product design chaos”
• (23:00) - – Industries and use cases where AI will be really good; where it won’t
• (25:00) - – Effective ways to get beyond AI mediocrity
• (28:00) - – Why Hilary thinks prompts will soon go away
• (31:00) - – Hilary’s liberal arts background: English + Computer Science
• (33:00) - – Why we need philosophy and soul along with the data

Where to find Hidden Door:

• https://www.hiddendoor.co/

Where to find Hilary Mason:

• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/hilarymason/
• X: https://x.com/hmason

Where to find Dan Blumberg:

• Website & newsletter: https://www.crafted.fm
• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dblums/
• X: https://x.com/dblums

CRAFTED. is produced by Modern Product Minds, where CRAFTED. host Dan Blumberg and team can help you take a new product from zero to one... and beyond. We specialize in early stage product discovery, growth, and experimentation. Learn more at modernproductminds.com

Help improve CRAFTED. Please take this quick 5m survey. You might win a prize. Thanks!

As AI models grow larger and more powerful, they promise incredible capabilities — but at what cost?

Karen Hao is a journalist and former engineer who writes about the impact of artificial intelligence on society for The Atlantic and other top publications.

On this episode of CRAFTED., we discuss whether the largest AI models are worth their hefty footprint: They consume massive amounts of electricity and water and Karen argues that smaller models better balance cost vs. benefit.

Karen will also provide a view of AI from outside — far outside — Silicon Valley. She’s reported on AI from across the Global South and we’ll hear about the fight over data centers in Chile, how New Zealand’s Maori people are using AI to preserve their indigenous language, and why it’s a problem that AI can speak any language, but can only really be policed in a few.

Key Moments:

• (01:51) - - The view of AI from the Global South
• (04:37) - - Data centers are thirsty and their benefit is unclear to locals in Chile (and elsewhere)
• (09:45) - - GenAI is English-first: Why it’s not as safe in other languages
• (12:41) - - Why some activists call AI a new form of “colonialism”
• (15:19) - - Indigenous communities innovating with AI
• (18:15) - - The case for smaller AI models
• (20:09) - - Why open source AI is so important
• (25:38) - - AI and the environmental impact: Karen’s reporting on Microsoft’s “hypocrisy”
• (29:09) - - Are big AI models worth the cost?
• (35:25) - - How Karen trains journalists to cover AI

• Website: https://karendhao.com/
• X: https://x.com/_KarenHao
• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/karendhao/
• Threads: https://www.threads.net/@_karenhao

Articles Mentioned:

• Microsoft’s Hypocrisy on AI (The Atlantic)
• A new vision of artificial intelligence for the people (MIT Technology Review)
• AI Is Taking Water From the Desert (The Atlantic)

Where to find Dan Blumberg:

• Website & newsletter: https://www.crafted.fm
• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dblums/
• X: https://x.com/dblums

CRAFTED. is produced by Modern Product Minds, where CRAFTED. host Dan Blumberg and team can help you take a new product from zero to one... and beyond. We specialize in early stage product discovery, growth, and experimentation. Learn more at modernproductminds.com

Subscribe to CRAFTED., follow the show, and sign up for the newsletter 👉 crafted.fm

Help improve CRAFTED. Please take this quick 5m survey. You might win a prize. Thanks!

Help improve CRAFTED. Please take this quick 5m survey. You might win a prize. Thanks!

Russ Somers has tripled his productivity by building a “GPTeam” of AI “employees.” In this episode, from Beyond the Prompt, the head of marketing for Quantified reveals how he’s done it, and how you can build your own virtual team to be more productive and creative.

Russ’s virtual team helps with tasks ranging from webinar content creation to specialized knowledge acquisition. Through personal anecdotes and exploratory conversations, the episode delves into the process of building AI team members, the importance of play in learning and innovation, and strategies for incorporating AI into personal and professional growth.

Highlights include building AI with specific skill sets like 'Wendy Webinar' and 'Roger RevOps,' and the philosophical implications of personifying AI for better engagement and output. And Russ's personal journey from a layoff to pioneering AI productivity tools opens a discussion on the transformative power of AI in the modern workplace.

Subscribe to Beyond the Prompt on Spotify, Apple, or your favorite podcast app.

And follow hosts Henrik Werdelin and Jeremy Utley on LinkedIn.

Key Moments:

• (00:48) - Meet Russ Summers: The One-Man Marketing Powerhouse
• (03:04) - Introducing Wendy Webinar: A GPT Team Member Revolutionizing Content Creation
• (05:04) - Leveling Up with GPT: Beyond Basic Task Automation
• (06:34) - Roger RevOps: A Custom GPT for Niche Expertise
• (09:29) - Exploring the Next Frontier: Collaborative and Mentorship GPTs
• (15:47) - The Art of Building and Utilizing GPT Staff: Tips and Tricks
• (23:49) - Expanding the Team: Integrating GPTs into Human Workflows
• (25:04) - Exploring Organizational Progress and Tool Adoption
• (26:47) - The Importance of Measuring Effort and Encouraging Experimentation
• (28:12) - Fostering Creativity and Psychological Safety in the Workplace
• (30:28) - Personifying Bots for Better Engagement and Output
• (33:04) - Reimagining Brand Communication in a Conversational World
• (36:20) - The Transformative Power of Play and Exploration
• (40:05) - Strategies for Personal and Professional Growth with GPT
• (49:16) - Concluding Thoughts on Innovation and the Future of Work

Help improve CRAFTED. Please take this quick 5m survey. You might win a prize. Thanks!

Kira Radinsky is the CEO of Diagnostic Robotics, which uses AI to make predictions that help patients get better healthcare. She’s also the co-founder of Mana.bio which is using AI to automate drug discovery.

On this episode of CRAFTED., Kira will share more on why she believes that, of all the industries that AI will change, it’s those involving chemistry and biology that will change the most. Plus, why she says: “I just want AI to replace me as a scientist.”

Kira shares:

• How Mana.bio is using AI to build new “rocketships” that can deliver drugs to the right planets (cells) — and how they’ve done things in three months that used to take 20 years
• How AI is accelerating drug discovery by creating feedback loops that speed up learning
• How Diagnostic Robotics makes predictions on patient outcomes that help doctors and care teams provide better care
• Why she loves making predictions — Kira is famous for them. Over a decade ago, while getting her PhD and working with Microsoft, she built systems that successfully predicted cholera outbreaks and riots.
• How to incentivize bots to make bolder predictions. i.e. It’s easy to predict that there will not be an earthquake today; it’s harder to say today there will be one.
• Why predictions are only valuable if there’s something you can do to prevent bad outcomes — and why this makes healthcare an ideal field
• How advances in software have enabled her to follow her dream and be a scientist. (Kira doesn’t have the great hands you need to be a lab chemist.)

Key Moments

• (02:29) - Why predictions have been so important to Kira from an early age, and her dream to be a scientist
• (05:46) - How Kira predicts the future and how she became famous for predicting the first cholera outbreak to hit Cuba in more than 100 years
• (09:49) - How Diagnostic Robotics makes predictions that improve healthcare outcomes
• (14:22) - Big unlocks to make better predictions — and explain them to doctors
• (16:42) - What’s “easy” to predict and what’s hard; how to incentivize bots to make bold predictions (e.g. an earthquake)
• (18:49) - Founding Mana.bio and how AI can improve drug discovery
• (23:37) - AI will have a huge impact on the administrative aspects of patient care
• (28:07) - How Mana.bio creates rapid learning feedback loops
• (29:54) - Tips for building with GenAI and why more attention should be paid to causal inference
• (32:52) - Where GenAI will be really transformative in the future
• (34:35) - Outro

CRAFTED. is brought to you in partnership with Docker, which helps developers build, share, run and verify applications anywhere – without environment confirmation or management. More than 20 million developers worldwide use Docker's suite of development tools, services and automations to accelerate the delivery of secure applications.

CRAFTED. is produced by Modern Product Minds, where CRAFTED. host Dan Blumberg and team can help you take a new product from zero to one... and beyond. We specialize in early stage product discovery, growth, and experimentation. Learn more at modernproductminds.com

Subscribe to CRAFTED., follow the show, and sign up for the newsletter 👉 crafted.fm

Help improve CRAFTED. Please take this quick 5m survey. You might win a prize. Thanks!

Matt Flannery and Branch have done something the banks have not: learned how to profitably lend to people who have little to no credit history. Matt is the founder and CEO of Branch, which issues small loans to millions of people in India, Nigeria, Kenya, and Tanzania.

He's also the founder of Kiva, a microfinance pioneer that skyrocketed from a small project into a worldwide nonprofit that Oprah and President Clinton loved talking about.

On this episode of CRAFTED., we learn how Branch uses data from people's phones to confidently make loans to people who don't have traditional credit scores. Plus, how they prevent fraud and avoid bias.

We'll also explore the wild ways that Branch is experimenting with Generative AI, including how they are creating “future synthetic data” that they believe will predict how users will save and spend in the future.

Takeaways:

• Branch uses AI to confidently lend to people without traditional credit scores
• Branch was built on traditional machine learning models – the name “Branch” derives in part from the “random forest” approach – and now is adding Generative AI approaches to the mix
• Branch is using GenAI to create “future synthetic data” that predicts how people will spend and save in the years to come. As Matt says, “it’s kind of a wild idea” and it’ll take a few years to see how predictive the approach is
• To avoid bias, lend to lots of people no matter what the data says. It will teach you what the “natural loss rate” is and prevent you from training your model on customers you’ve already selected as creditworthy.
• Preventing fraud is the biggest challenge. And you can go from zero fraud to massive fraud over a weekend if fraudsters discover a vulnerability.
• Branch is hugely successful in India, because of the approach it developed in Africa: lend very small amounts to lots of people and, as people repay, offer them larger loans.
• Branch failed in Mexico, because the user experience of repaying the loan (visiting a local shop) was too difficult; meanwhile another reason for success in India is the country’s recent rollout of a nationwide mobile payments system (UPI). Plus, willingness to repay in India is naturally very high.

Key Moments:

• (02:33) - Founding Kiva and its rise from a side project to a worldwide non-profit
• (07:00) - Founding Branch and the impact of lending to people that banks won’t
• (10:32) - Scaling Branch, and why it can grow better as a for-profit than Kiva could as a non-profit
• (14:57) - Why fraud is the biggest challenge to Branch and how they prevent it
• (16:46) - How Branch got really good at making quick lending decisions and why it’s critical to approve lots of people
• (19:10) - Why Branch failed in Mexico, and how those lessons led to their outsize success in India
• (22:03) - How Branch uses AI to make lending decisions and how it’s experimenting with GenAI to create “future synthetic data”
• (26:09) - How to prevent bias – and why Branch automatically approves lots of people for loans no matter what the data says about them
• (29:33) - What’s next for branch
• (30:26) - How being in a rock band helped Matt gain confidence — and how that served him when he’d later appear on Oprah
• (31:28) - Outro

CRAFTED. is brought to you in partnership with Docker, which helps developers build, share, run and verify applications anywhere – without environment confirmation or management. More than 20 million developers worldwide use Docker's suite of development tools, services and automations to accelerate the delivery of secure applications.

CRAFTED. is produced by Modern Product Minds, where CRAFTED. host Dan Blumberg and team can help you take a new product from zero to one... and beyond. We specialize in early stage product discovery, growth, and experimentation. Learn more at modernproductminds.com

Subscribe to CRAFTED., follow the show, and sign up for the newsletter 👉 crafted.fm

Help improve CRAFTED. Please take this quick 5m survey. You might win a prize. Thanks!

Help improve CRAFTED. Please take this quick 5m survey. You might win a prize. Thanks!

Nithya Ruff is an expert on open source. As the head of AWS’s Open Source Program Office and the Chair of the Linux Foundation, she has a wide view on all things open source.

On this episode of CRAFTED., we discuss:

• Why Open Source AI is so tricky, but also so essential, to define
• How open source needs to evolve for the next generation of developers
• What an Open Source Program Office is — and why companies like AWS have them
• The questions, benefits, and risks that arise when a company is considering using open source technologies
• Why contributing to open source (“giving back”) is not always so selfless: relying on a successful, well-supported open source technology can be very advantageous to companies
• Why you need need to be deliberate when growing an open source project – just let it grow organically is not a great recipe for success today
• How open source draws on so many skills beyond coding, such as community management, marketing, and legal
• How open source is not just for software. Social change, agriculture, and other domains often use open source approaches
• Nithya’s path, and why she loves with open source

Key Moments:

• (02:20) - The state of open source today
• (05:16) - Teaching a new generation the values of open source, increasing diversity
• (08:07) - Open source AI, why we need a definition of it, and why we should insist on it or else live in a “black box” future
• (12:03) - Open source is full of possibilities
• (13:37) - What an OSPO (Open Source Program Office) is and why companies have them
• (16:47) - Common open source questions developers face
• (21:53) - How to balance risk vs. reward when using open source
• (24:30) - Why (most) open source projects should not grow organically, and the value of community management
• (26:22) - Open source is not just for code. Social good, agriculture, and other applications…
• (28:09) - Nithya’s story: how she got into tech and why she fell in love with open source because it draws on so many skills, beyond just coding
• (32:30) - Outro

CRAFTED. is brought to you in partnership with Docker, which helps developers build, share, run and verify applications anywhere – without environment confirmation or management. More than 20 million developers worldwide use Docker's suite of development tools, services and automations to accelerate the delivery of secure applications.

CRAFTED. is produced by Modern Product Minds, where CRAFTED. host Dan Blumberg and team can help you take a new product from zero to one... and beyond. We specialize in early stage product discovery, growth, and experimentation. Learn more at modernproductminds.com

Subscribe to CRAFTED., follow the show, and sign up for the newsletter 👉 crafted.fm

Help improve CRAFTED. Please take this quick 5m survey. You might win a prize. Thanks!