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  • How do anti-depressants work? (featuring Claire Caballero)

    How do anti-depressants work? (featuring Claire Caballero)
    2024/07/25
    #192 In this episode of 'Chemistry for Your Life,' hosts Melissa and Jam introduce special guest Claire Caballero, a pharmacology and neuroscience PhD student, to discuss how antidepressants work. Claire explains the role of neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and GABA in mental health, the mechanisms of various antidepressants such as SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and touches on the effects and side effects of drugs like Wellbutrin. The episode provides an insightful look at the chemistry and neuroscience behind how these medications help manage depression and anxiety. 00:00 Introduction and Special Guest Announcement 00:52 Meet Claire: Our Expert in Pharmacology and Neuroscience 01:32 Understanding Pharmacology and Neurotransmission 05:16 The Role of Neurotransmitters in Anxiety and Depression 14:16 Deep Dive into Neurotransmitters: GABA, Dopamine, and Serotonin 17:10 Exploring the Mechanisms of Depression and Anxiety 22:21 Ready to Learn About Antidepressant Drugs? 33:20 Understanding SSRIs and Their Uses 34:14 How SSRIs Work in the Brain 36:23 Challenges and Side Effects of SSRIs 43:08 Exploring Tricyclic Antidepressants 48:35 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors: The First Antidepressants 54:59 Benzodiazepines: Uses and Risks 01:00:01 Other Notable Drugs: Bupropion and Beta Blockers 01:05:07 Conclusion and Final Thoughts References from this episode: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554406/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557791/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539848/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470159/#:~:text=Benzodiazepines%20are%20effective%20for%20sedation,potential%20to%20develop%20physical%20dependence.https://www.nami.org/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/anxiety-disorders/#:~:text=Anxiety%20disorders%20are%20the%20most,develop%20symptoms%20before%20age%2021.https://mhanational.org/conditions/depression#:~:text=Major%20depression%20is%20one%20of,are%20affected%20by%20major%20depression.https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db377.htmhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470212/ https://www.jneurosci.org/content/28/28/7040 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4303399/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551683/#:~:text=Anxiety%20disorders%20such%20as%20panic,with%20decreased%20levels%20of%20GABA.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3684250/#:~:text=Neuroendocrine%20and%20Neurotransmitter%20Pathways&text=Well%2Ddocumented%20anxiolytic%20and%20antidepressant,of%20mood%20and%20anxiety%20disorders.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2950973/#:~:text=The%20monoamine%2Ddeficiency%20theory%20posits,in%20the%20central%20nervous%20system.https://www.health.harvard.edu/depression/depression-chemicals-and-communicationhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539894/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1476179306700246?via%3Dihubhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4610616/ We want to give a special thanks to Bri McAllister for illustrating molecules for some episodes! Please go check out Bri’s art, follow and support her at entr0pic.artstation.com and @McAllisterBri on twitter! Thanks to our monthly supporters Scott BJessie RederCiara LinvilleJ0HNTR0YJeannette NapoleonCullyn RErica BeeElizabeth PSarah MoarRachel ReinaLetilaKatrina Barnum-HuckinsSuzanne PhillipsVenus RebholzLyn StubblefieldJacob TaberBrian KimballEmerson WoodhallKristina GotfredsenTimothy ParkerSteven BoylesChris SkupienChelsea BBri McAllisterAvishai BarnoyHunter Reardon ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★ ★ Buy Podcast Merch and Apparel ★ Check out our website at chemforyourlife.com Watch our episodes on YouTube Find us on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook @ChemForYourLife
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    1 時間 9 分
  • Vitamin C: Myths, Facts, and Daily Needs

    Vitamin C: Myths, Facts, and Daily Needs
    2024/07/18

    #191

    In this episode of 'Chemistry for Your Life,' hosts Melissa and Jam delve into captivating and practical fun facts about vitamin C. They discuss the recommended daily intake, its role in preventing scurvy, the surprising regulations on food labels, and the common foods that are rich in vitamin C. Furthermore, they explore its use as a preservative and potential benefits in skincare, emphasizing the essential need for a varied diet to maintain optimal health. They also share personal anecdotes and considerations for supplementing vitamin C through diet and topical applications.

    00:00 Introduction to Fun Facts About Vitamin C
    01:12 Daily Vitamin C Requirements and Deficiency
    02:30 Vitamin C in Foods and Supplements
    03:16 Personal Vitamin C Intake Stories
    06:54 High Vitamin C Foods
    12:49 Vitamin C Needs for Different Lifestyles
    15:12 Challenges in Vitamin C Research
    15:58 Vitamin C as a Preservative
    17:09 Topical Application of Vitamin C
    18:07 Vitamin C and Wound Healing
    19:10 Vitamin C in Skincare
    20:38 Vitamin C Supplements: Do You Need Them?
    22:56 Personal Experiences with Vitamin C
    25:46 Favorite Vitamins and Their Impact
    27:57 Wrapping Up: Final Thoughts on Vitamins
    29:00 Credits and Acknowledgements

    References from this episode:

    1. Biochemistry, 4th edition Garrett & Grisham
    2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18505499/
    3. https://youtu.be/3e2JYMNS_W4?t=477s
    4. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/ob/c9ob01646e
    5. https://thispodcastwillkillyou.com/2019/02/05/episode-19-scurvy-thanks-a-lot-evolution/
    We want to give a special thanks to Bri McAllister for illustrating molecules for some episodes! Please go check out Bri’s art, follow and support her at entr0pic.artstation.com and @McAllisterBri on twitter!

    Thanks to our monthly supporters

    • Jessie Reder
    • Ciara Linville
    • J0HNTR0Y
    • Jeannette Napoleon
    • Cullyn R
    • Erica Bee
    • Elizabeth P
    • Sarah Moar
    • Rachel Reina
    • Letila
    • Katrina Barnum-Huckins
    • Suzanne Phillips
    • Venus Rebholz
    • Lyn Stubblefield
    • Jacob Taber
    • Brian Kimball
    • Emerson Woodhall
    • Kristina Gotfredsen
    • Timothy Parker
    • Steven Boyles
    • Chris Skupien
    • Chelsea B
    • Bri McAllister
    • Avishai Barnoy
    • Hunter Reardon
    ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★ ★ Buy Podcast Merch and Apparel ★

    Check out our website at chemforyourlife.com

    Watch our episodes on YouTube

    Find us on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook @ChemForYourLife
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    32 分
  • Why do apples turn brown when we cut them?

    Why do apples turn brown when we cut them?
    2024/07/11

    #035 Rebroadcast

    Do you like apples? Ever wonder why they turn brown when you cut them? This week, Melissa and Jam explore this very question. What's going on in these apples? Where does the brown come from? Is it a good or bad thing? Does it taste different? Is the brown actually apple tears from the pain of being cut? And how do you like them apples?

    References from this episode

    1. Science Experiment: The Brown Apple Project - 4-H
    2. Purification and Characterization of Polyphenol Oxidase from Banana (Musa sapientum L.) Pulp - Chang-Peng YangShuji FujitaMD AshrafuzzamanNaoko NakamuraNobuyuki Hayashi
    3. Nonbrowning GM apple cleared for market - Emily Waltz, Nature Biotechnology
    4. Why Do Avocados Turn Brown? – The Chemistry of Avocados - Compound Chemistry
    5. Browning Inhibition in Fresh-cut ‘Fuji’ Apple Slices by Natural Anti-browning Agents
    6. Inhibition of Apple-Slice Browning by 4-Hexylresorcinol - Yaguang LuoGustavo and Barbosa-Cánovas
    7. Department Of Agriculture Approves First Genetically Modified Apple, Which Resists Turning Brown - Britt E. Erickson, Chemical & Engineering News
    Find us on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook @ChemForYourLife. Email us at chemforyourlife@gmail.com And check out our chill, simple little website at https://chemforyourlife.transistor.fm/

    Thanks to our monthly supporters

    • Ciara Linville
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    27 分
  • Should we take Vitamin C when we're sick?

    Should we take Vitamin C when we're sick?
    2024/07/04

    #190

    In this episode of 'Chemistry for Your Life,' hosts Melissa and Jam delve into the role of vitamin C in the immune system and examine whether taking mega doses of the vitamin can help with common colds. Melissa, a seasoned chemist, explains the chemistry behind oxidation, reduction, and free radicals, and how vitamin C's properties make it crucial for immune function. The discussion also covers historical context, including Linus Pauling's theories, and recent scientific findings on vitamin C's effectiveness. Throughout the episode, Melissa and Jam use analogies and discuss various studies while also previewing future episodes on vitamin C's other benefits and common questions.

    00:00 Introduction to Vitamin C and Collagen
    00:57 Meet the Hosts: Melissa and Jim
    01:43 Podcast Background and Corrections
    04:01 Vitamin C Part Two: Immune System and Megadoses
    07:56 Chemistry Lesson: Oxidation and Reduction
    15:57 Vitamin C's Role in the Immune System
    22:18 The Bat Signal Analogy
    23:51 Vitamin C and Immune Cells
    24:27 Oxidative Stress and Damage
    27:02 Vitamin C Deficiency and Cold Symptoms
    28:24 Vitamin C and Physical Stress
    33:12 Elderberry and Cold Symptoms
    36:08 Upcoming Vitamin C Topics
    37:14 Summer Plans and Wrap-Up

    References from this episode:

    1. Biochemistry, 4th edition Garrett & Grisham
    2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18505499/
    3. https://youtu.be/3e2JYMNS_W4?t=477s
    4. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/ob/c9ob01646e
    5. https://thispodcastwillkillyou.com/2019/02/05/episode-19-scurvy-thanks-a-lot-evolution/
    We want to give a special thanks to Bri McAllister for illustrating molecules for some episodes! Please go check out Bri’s art, follow and support her at entr0pic.artstation.com and @McAllisterBri on twitter!

    Thanks to our monthly supporters

    • Jessie Reder
    • Ciara Linville
    • J0HNTR0Y
    • Jeannette Napoleon
    • Cullyn R
    • Erica Bee
    • Elizabeth P
    • Sarah Moar
    • Rachel Reina
    • Letila
    • Katrina Barnum-Huckins
    • Suzanne Phillips
    • Venus Rebholz
    • Lyn Stubblefield
    • Jacob Taber
    • Brian Kimball
    • Emerson Woodhall
    • Kristina Gotfredsen
    • Timothy Parker
    • Steven Boyles
    • Chris Skupien
    • Chelsea B
    • Bri McAllister
    • Avishai Barnoy
    • Hunter Reardon
    ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

    Check out our website at chemforyourlife.com

    Watch our episodes on YouTube

    Find us on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook @ChemForYourLife
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    46 分
  • Ask a Chemist: Why do chemicals smell "chemically?" (And other questions)

    Ask a Chemist: Why do chemicals smell "chemically?" (And other questions)
    2024/06/27

    Question and Response 57

    In this bonus episode of 'Chemistry For Your Life,' hosts Melissa Collini and Jam Robinson answer listener-submitted questions about various chemistry topics. They discuss the distinction between 'chemical' and 'natural' smells, plant poisons, and the mechanisms behind face scrubs and soaps. The episode also features insights from a listener working in the beauty industry and addresses the challenges of avoiding fast food in the context of food deserts. Additionally, the hosts express gratitude for their supportive listeners and patrons.

    00:00 Introduction and Greetings
    00:58 Listener Questions: Chemical Smells
    06:02 Insights from the Beauty Industry
    08:33 Plant Poisons and Refrigerants
    12:01 Face Scrubs and Soap Science
    14:33 Fast Food and Food Deserts
    19:46 Listener Shoutouts and Reviews
    22:31 Conclusion and Thank Yous

    Thanks to our monthly supporters

    • Jessie Reder
    • Ciara Linville
    • J0HNTR0Y
    • Jeannette Napoleon
    • Cullyn R
    • Erica Bee
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    • Rachel Reina
    • Letila
    • Katrina Barnum-Huckins
    • Suzanne Phillips
    • Venus Rebholz
    • Lyn Stubblefield
    • Jacob Taber
    • Brian Kimball
    • Emerson Woodhall
    • Kristina Gotfredsen
    • Timothy Parker
    • Steven Boyles
    • Chris Skupien
    • Chelsea B
    • Bri McAllister
    • Avishai Barnoy
    • Hunter Reardon
    ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

    Check out our website at chemforyourlife.com

    Watch our episodes on YouTube

    Find us on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook @ChemForYourLife
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    25 分
  • How does Vitamin C keep our bodies from turning into mush?

    How does Vitamin C keep our bodies from turning into mush?
    2024/06/20

    #189

    In this episode, Melissa and Jam delve into the crucial role of Vitamin C in the body, focusing on its importance for collagen production. They discuss how collagen, a key structural protein found in tendons, cartilage, bones, teeth, skin, and blood vessels, relies on Vitamin C to form strong, functional structures. The conversation explores the process of how Vitamin C enables enzymes to add essential alcohol groups to collagen strands, allowing them to twist into strong triple helices, which then form a robust matrix in the body. The hosts also touch upon the connection between Vitamin C deficiency and scurvy, and tease further exploration of Vitamin C's role in the immune system and as a preservative in future episodes. The episode is dedicated to new community member Jesse, and acknowledges listener Nicole B. for inspiring the topic.

    00:00 Introduction to Vitamin C Myths
    00:13 Exploring Vitamin C in Skincare and Food Preservation
    00:32 Vitamin C and Pets: A Curious Case
    00:45 Diving into Scurvy and Vitamin C
    01:28 Podcast Introduction and Dedication
    01:38 Special Announcements and Episode Structure
    06:02 The Chemistry of Collagen
    10:27 Understanding Collagen Structure
    13:30 The Role of Intermolecular Forces
    18:02 Connecting Vitamin C to Collagen Formation
    19:57 The Role of Hydroxylase in Collagen Formation
    20:42 Vitamin C: The Essential Co-Factor
    23:10 The Consequences of Vitamin C Deficiency
    23:31 Debating Collagen Supplements
    32:50 The Historical Struggle with Scurvy
    37:53 Conclusion and Listener Engagement

    References from this episode:

    1. Biochemistry, 4th edition Garrett & Grisham
    2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18505499/
    3. https://youtu.be/3e2JYMNS_W4?t=477s
    4. https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/ob/c9ob01646e
    5. https://thispodcastwillkillyou.com/2019/02/05/episode-19-scurvy-thanks-a-lot-evolution/

    We want to give a special thanks to Bri McAllister for illustrating molecules for some episodes! Please go check out Bri’s art, follow and support her at entr0pic.artstation.com and @McAllisterBri on twitter!

    Thanks to our monthly supporters

    • Jessie Reder
    • Ciara Linville
    • J0HNTR0Y
    • Jeannette Napoleon
    • Cullyn R
    • Erica Bee
    • Elizabeth P
    • Sarah Moar
    • Rachel Reina
    • Letila
    • Katrina Barnum-Huckins
    • Suzanne Phillips
    • Venus Rebholz
    • Lyn Stubblefield
    • Jacob Taber
    • Brian Kimball
    • Emerson Woodhall
    • Kristina Gotfredsen
    • Timothy Parker
    • Steven Boyles
    • Chris Skupien
    • Chelsea B
    • Bri McAllister
    • Avishai Barnoy
    • Hunter Reardon
    ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

    Check out our website at chemforyourlife.com

    Watch our episodes on YouTube

    Find us on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook @ChemForYourLife
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    41 分
  • Do anti-aging products work?

    Do anti-aging products work?
    2024/06/13
    #099 Rebroadcast In this special re-release episode, Melissa and Jam dive deep into the world of Vitamin A (retinol) and its role in anti-aging skincare. They revisit a popular episode that explores whether anti-aging products genuinely work. The hosts break down the scientific functions of the skin, the impact of UV radiation, and the importance of sunscreen. They also discuss how retinoids (vitamin A) can help repair and maintain the skin's structure, backed by peer-reviewed studies. This episode is a blend of chemistry, practical skincare tips, and personal anecdotes. 00:00 Introduction to Vitamin A and Anti-Aging 00:10 Revisiting the Anti-Aging Episode 00:36 Personal Reflections on Skincare 02:06 Acknowledging Influences and Inspirations 04:57 Understanding Skin and Aging 07:55 The Role of Fibroblasts and Proteins 10:55 Impact of UV Rays on Skin Aging 14:10 Importance of Sunscreen 15:56 Retinoids: The Gold Standard in Anti-Aging 19:50 Retinoid Study Results 20:31 Retinoids: The Antidote to Sun Damage 21:34 The Importance of Sunscreen 23:45 Understanding Skin Structure 26:08 How Retinoids Work 29:44 Fun Facts and Warnings About Retinoids 34:02 Personal Stories and Reflections 38:33 Conclusion and Listener Engagement References from this episode https://www.jidonline.org/action/showPdf?pii=S0022-202X%2815%2940798-5https://www.jidonline.org/article/S0022-202X(15)40798-5/fulltexthttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6791161/#:~:text=Retinoids%20are%20also%20commonly%20known,and%20promotes%20angiogenesis%20%5B13%5Dhttps://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/molecule-of-the-week/archive/v/vitamin-a.htmlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2699641/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6791161/#:~:text=Firstly%2C%20retinol%20is%20converted%20to,to%20the%20retinoic%20acid%20receptors.&text=Retinol%20concentration%20in%20the%20cosmetic,the%20oxidized%20form%20of%20retinolhttps://youtu.be/grxmyM7EuDkhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsomega.0c02102https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3790843/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3583892/#R60https://cen.acs.org/articles/95/i10/Periodic-graphics-anti-aging-creams.htmlhttps://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/reactions/videos/2017/are-anti-aging-creams-legit.html Thanks to our monthly supporters Jessie RederCiara LinvilleJ0HNTR0YJeannette NapoleonCullyn RErica BeeElizabeth PSarah MoarRachel ReinaLetilaKatrina Barnum-HuckinsSuzanne PhillipsVenus RebholzLyn StubblefieldJacob TaberBrian KimballEmerson WoodhallKristina GotfredsenTimothy ParkerSteven BoylesChris SkupienChelsea BBri McAllisterAvishai BarnoyHunter Reardon ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★ Check out our website at chemforyourlife.com Watch our episodes on YouTube Find us on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook @ChemForYourLife
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    40 分
  • What even ARE vitamins? And do we actually need them?

    What even ARE vitamins? And do we actually need them?
    2024/06/06

    #188

    In this episode, hosts Melissa and Jam dive into the basics of vitamins. They discuss the origins of vitamins, why they are labeled with letters, and the difference between water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins. The episode also touches on the history of vitamin regulation, the necessity of supplementing vitamins, and the impact of diet on vitamin intake. Finally, they challenge listeners to assess the variety of plant-based foods they consume in a week to promote a healthier diet.

    00:00 Introduction to Vitamins
    00:27 What Are Vitamins?
    01:40 Types of Vitamins: Water Soluble vs Fat Soluble
    07:10 Sources of Vitamins
    10:19 The History and Naming of Vitamins
    20:16 The Importance of Vitamins and Supplements
    24:51 Optimal Vitamin Intake
    25:10 The Role of Multivitamins
    26:04 Diet Trends and Nutrient Deficiency
    28:39 Understanding Vitamins
    31:14 Fat-Soluble vs. Water-Soluble Vitamins
    32:50 The Importance of Dietary Variety
    36:57 Personal Diet Challenges
    43:07 Engage with Us!

    References from this episode:

    We want to give a special thanks to Bri McAllister for illustrating molecules for some episodes! Please go check out Bri’s art, follow and support her at entr0pic.artstation.com and @McAllisterBri on twitter!

    Thanks to our monthly supporters

    • Jessie Reder
    • Ciara Linville
    • J0HNTR0Y
    • Jeannette Napoleon
    • Cullyn R
    • Erica Bee
    • Elizabeth P
    • Sarah Moar
    • Rachel Reina
    • Letila
    • Katrina Barnum-Huckins
    • Suzanne Phillips
    • Venus Rebholz
    • Lyn Stubblefield
    • Jacob Taber
    • Brian Kimball
    • Emerson Woodhall
    • Kristina Gotfredsen
    • Timothy Parker
    • Steven Boyles
    • Chris Skupien
    • Chelsea B
    • Bri McAllister
    • Avishai Barnoy
    • Hunter Reardon
    ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

    Check out our website at chemforyourlife.com

    Watch our episodes on YouTube

    Find us on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook @ChemForYourLife
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    46 分