🎙️As China increases military pressure and Trump 47 reshapes U.S. foreign policy, Taiwan’s future is more uncertain than ever.
Dr. John Bruni speaks with Dr. Alice Yang from Taipei’s Institute for National Defense and Security Research about Taiwan’s fight for democracy, U.S. ambiguity, and what regional conflict could mean for the world.
🎧 Available now on Spotify, iTunes & the Auscast Network.

Show Notes:

Connect with Alice:

At INDSR - indsr2018@indsr.org.tw

Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/INDSRTW

X - @INDSRTW

YouTube - https://youtube.com/@indsr8906?si=diU9m_YM3w2438vp

Taiwanese political parties:

🇹🇼 1. Democratic Progressive Party (DPP)

• Position on China:
• • Pro-status quo with an emphasis on sovereignty
  • While it doesn’t formally push for de jure independence, it views Taiwan as already independent under the name “Republic of China (Taiwan)”
  • Strongly resists unification with China

✅ Supports a Taiwanese identity distinct from China
🚫 Opposes “One China” or any future unification with the PRC

🇹🇼 2. Kuomintang (KMT)

• Position on China:

• • Supports eventual peaceful unification under the right conditions but rejects the use of force
  • Favors closer economic and cultural ties with China
  • Supports the "1992 Consensus" (One China, but each side has its own interpretation)

⚖️ Seeks peace and dialogue with Beijing
🧩 Ambiguous on independence vs. unification, but tilts toward eventual integration if democratic and safe

🇹🇼 3. Taiwan People’s Party (TPP)

• Position on China:
• • Promotes status quo
  • Calls for pragmatic engagement with both the U.S. and China
  • Avoids strong ideological stances on unification vs. independence

🧭 Middle-of-the-road approach: avoid provoking China while protecting Taiwan’s democracy

🇹🇼 4. New Power Party (NPP)

• Position on China:
• • Advocates for formal independence
  • Strongly opposes unification or the “1992 Consensus”

🔥 More hardline than the DPP on Taiwanese independence

🇹🇼 5. People First Party (PFP) (Now marginal)

• Position on China:
• • Pro-unification under peaceful, negotiated terms
  • Supports “One China” framework

📉 Formerly significant, now politically marginal

Top Publications:

Publications: Annual Assessment Reports at INDSR: These reports cover various aspects of Taiwan's defence strategy, including military technology trends and China's military developments (INDSR).

Weaponized Interdependence: China’s Economic Statecraft and Social Penetration against Taiwan: This paper discusses how China uses economic means to influence and penetrate Taiwanese society, published in the journal Orbis (TAEF).

Building a Disaster Resilient Community in Taiwan: Co-authored with Judy H.S. Wu, this research analyses the social capital in disaster preparedness in Taiwan, published in Politics and Governance(TAEF).

Enabling Human Values in Foreign Policy: This paper explores the transformation of Taiwan's New Southbound Policy, emphasizing the human values driving Taiwan's foreign policy, published in the Journal of Human Values (TAEF).

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Why does Finland still rely on conscription? And what can Australia learn from it?

Brigadier General Jyri Raitasalo breaks down Finland’s “Total Defence” strategy, NATO’s Nordic front, and how citizen readiness can shape national security.

🎧 Watch now on The Focus with John Bruni.

Show Notes:

Connect with Jyri -

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jyri-raitasalo-4b96bb96/

X: @JyriRaitasalo

Finnish National Defence University: https://maanpuolustuskorkeakoulu.fi/en/frontpage

Top 5 publications by Jyri:

Finnish Defense 'Left of Bang'

Published in PRISM, Vol. 10, No. 2 (2023), this article explores Finland's evolution from a Cold War-era total defence model to a comprehensive security approach. Raitasalo discusses how Finland integrates military and civilian sectors to address modern hybrid threats. NDU Press+1NDU Press+1

"Cyber Deterrence: An Oxymoron for Years to Come

Co-authored with Joshua Stowell and published in Global Security Review (2020), this article examines the challenges of establishing effective cyber deterrence. The authors contend that the lack of clear empirical evidence in cyber warfare complicates traditional deterrence models. Muck Rack+1Muck Rack+1

2. "Scandinavia Won’t Be Russia’s Next Target"

In this Foreign Policy piece (2019), Raitasalo counters claims that Russia is poised to target Scandinavian countries. He argues that Finland and Sweden's strategic positions and defence policies make them unlikely immediate targets for Russian aggression. Muck Rack+1Foreign Policy+1

5. "Hybridisota ja hybridiuhat – paljon vanhaa…onko mitään uutta?"

Published in Tiede & Ase (2018), this Finnish-language article critiques the Western narrative on hybrid warfare post-2014. Raitasalo argues that the concept of hybrid threats is not novel and reflects traditional great-power behaviours.Wikipedia+2Journal.fi+2

4. "Reconstructing Finnish Defence in the Post-Cold War Era"

This academic paper (2010) analyzes Finland's defence restructuring following the Cold War. Raitasalo discusses the shift in threat perceptions and the adaptation of defence policies to address new security challenges. Academia

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Operation Sindoor and Beyond: India’s Response and Pakistani Calculus
Co-authored with Yogesh Joshi
This analysis examines India's strategic response to Operation Sindoor and its implications for Pakistan's military calculus.

Current Trends in India’s National Security 2025
Co-authored with Sameer Patil
This special report assesses the evolving security landscape of India, highlighting challenges such as the China-Pakistan nexus, internal insurgencies, and advancements in cyber and space domains.

A Record Boom
Co-authored with Suchet Vir Singh
This article discusses the significant growth in India's defense sector, analyzing factors contributing to the boom and its implications for national security.

Biden-Xi Meeting and the US-China Calculus
This piece explores the dynamics of the Biden-Xi summit and its impact on US-China relations, with a focus on strategic implications for India.

India-China Power Play Gets New Life in Maldives
Co-authored with Aditya Gowdara Shivamurthy
This article analyzes the renewed strategic competition between India and China in the Maldives, examining the geopolitical stakes involved.

India and Japan: A Natural Partnership in the Indo-Pacific (2024)
Co-authored with Madhuchanda Ghosh
This book explores the evolving strategic partnership between India and Japan within the Indo-Pacific framework.

Politics and Geopolitics: Decoding India’s Neighbourhood Challenge (2024)
An analysis of India's regional challenges and its geopolitical strategies to navigate complex neighborhood dynamics.

The Making of a Global Bharat (2024)
Co-authored with Sameer Patil
This work examines India's transformation into a global player and the domestic and international factors influencing this shift.

India and Global Governance: A Rising Power and Its Discontents (2023)
A critical look at India's role in global governance structures and the challenges it faces as an emerging power.

India Shows the Way: A Decade of Modi’s Foreign Policy (2023)
An edited volume assessing the impact and direction of India's foreign policy under Prime Minister Narendra Modi over ten years.

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.