The World Health Organization is not mincing words when it comes to climate change, calling it one of the greatest health threats for humanity.

On this episode of the Princeton Pulse Podcast, we discuss the increasingly dire health impacts of global warming – from air pollution to water contamination, higher disease burdens, and a host of other outcomes that directly or indirectly endanger human health and wellbeing. Scientists warn that these consequences will only worsen over time if we don’t take immediate action, and that lower-income countries and communities that are least equipped to adapt will suffer the most.

Host Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health, confronts the challenges of climate change from a public health perspective with two distinguished guests: climate scientist Michael Oppenheimer, a Princeton professor and director of the university’s Center for Policy Research on Energy and the Environment; and Dr. Jeremy Hess, a professor and director of the Center for Health and the Global Environment at University of Washington.

The panel takes a candid look at the mechanisms by which climate change affects human health and the urgent need for mitigation. They talk about the increasing scale, frequency and intensity of extreme weather; heat-related illness; human migration; food supply threats; equity concerns; and the policy issues and implications in light of a changing administration. At the same time, they offer hope for the path forward, noting a worldwide energy revolution that will continue to drive progress, even if it’s at a slower pace.

---

Watch a recent episode of RNZ’s “30 with Guyon Espiner” podcast series, where Oppenheimer discusses many aspects of global climate change.

Oppenheimer participated in a UN Climate Week symposium moderated by David Wallace-Wells, an opinion writer and columnist for The New York Times Magazine. Tipping points in the climate system was the central issue.

The panel discussed research on mortality caused by tropical cyclones in the United States. Read the paper published in Nature.

The Center for Health and the Global Environment at University of Washington developed an interactive decision tool that links heat-health risk assessment with evidence-based guidance on how to protect public health under changing climate-related environmental conditions.

This article, co-authored by Heather Howard and published by Health Affairs, examines how state health programs

The Princeton Pulse Podcast is a production of Princeton University's Center for Health and Wellbeing (CHW). The show is hosted by Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health and Senior Services, produced by Aimee Bronfeld, and edited by Alex Brownstein. You can subscribe to The Princeton Pulse Podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you enjoy your favorite podcasts.

The 2024 elections will be among the most consequential in American history, as voters grapple with profound policy differences on everything from the economy to foreign policy, climate change, and, of course, health care.

This episode of the Princeton Pulse Podcast unpacks the health policy issues at play. Host Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health, is joined by Joanne Kenen, a contributing editor to Politico Magazine, and journalist in residence at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the Institute for Policy Studies at the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing.

Kenen is a leading health care journalist and trenchant observer at the intersection of health care policy and politics. Over the course of her career, she has covered implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the Covid-19 pandemic, and much more.

Howard and Kenen discuss how the upcoming election could impact the health and wellbeing of millions of Americans. They address reproductive health care, the fate of the ACA, prescription drug costs, Medicare, and broader questions on the future of Medicaid and our health care safety net.

---

Read KFF Election Coverage (KFF is an independent health policy organization.)

Read one of Kenen’s most recent articles for Politico.

Read other articles about health policy and the upcoming election:
Health Is on the Ballot in the Presidential Election (JAMA)
History Repeats—The Election Battle for Medicaid in 2024 (JAMA)

The Princeton Pulse Podcast is a production of Princeton University's Center for Health and Wellbeing (CHW). The show is hosted by Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health and Senior Services, produced by Aimee Bronfeld, and edited by Alex Brownstein. You can subscribe to The Princeton Pulse Podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you enjoy your favorite podcasts.

This episode of the Princeton Pulse Podcast takes on one of the hottest topics in health care – and in Washington: the use and regulation of artificial intelligence, or AI.

Research suggests that AI could revolutionize the delivery of health care, from pinpointing cancers that are invisible to the human eye, to powering wearable devices that can detect abnormalities before a medical emergency occurs. In the simplest of terms, AI enables computers and machines to perform tasks like a human might. With the ability to analyze huge sets of data in a matter of seconds, it could help clinicians make better, faster, smarter decisions and lead to improved health outcomes.

But the use of AI is not without risk. There are profound ethical and regulatory issues at play. Host Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health, explores the promise and potential perils of AI with two advocates for effectively and responsibly incorporating new tools into our health care system. This episode features: Niraj Jha, an engineering professor at Princeton University, who is developing a software package that could enhance the reliability of medical diagnoses; and Representative David Schweikert from Arizona’s First Congressional District, a congressional leader on these issues.

The panel discusses how smartphones and smartwatches can serve as portable medical labs; the ways in which AI can support clinical and policy decision-making; mitigating risks related to accuracy, bias, privacy, and security; the potential for cost savings; and innovations that are on the cusp of virtually transforming health care in the United States and beyond.

---

Read about Niraj Jha’s grant-funded project aimed at developing a software package to enhance the reliability of AI for medical diagnosis and other applications. This paper provides information about his research on counterfactual decision-making.

Read about the Healthy Technology Act, introduced by Congressman Schweikert, which qualifies AI and machine learning technologies as practitioners eligible to prescribe drugs. He also proposed legislation to establish reimbursement guidance for remote monitoring devices that use AI to treat patients.

The Princeton Pulse Podcast is a production of Princeton University's Center for Health and Wellbeing (CHW). The show is hosted by Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health and Senior Services, produced by Aimee Bronfeld, and edited by Alex Brownstein. You can subscribe to The Princeton Pulse Podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you enjoy your favorite podcasts.

Today’s episode features a candid conversation with Dr. Ashish Jha, a globally renowned public health leader and Dean of the Brown University School of Public Health.

An accomplished physician and researcher, Dr. Jha is acclaimed for driving improvements in public health policy and practice. Most notably, his groundbreaking work on pandemic preparedness and response led to a role at the White House, where he served as Covid-19 Response Coordinator under President Joe Biden.

On the show, Host Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health, and Dr. Jha frankly discuss what’s working well and where we need to do better in public health. Dr. Jha highlights how U.S. investments during the pandemic improved vaccines, treatments, medical surveillance, and infrastructure to reduce Covid-related deaths while preparing us for the next public health crisis. He also exposes some of our biggest public health failures, including systemic inequities, vaccine hesitancy and disinformation, and declining trust in institutions, emphasizing the importance of listening to everyday people and focusing public health on what matters to them.

With an eye toward the future, the conversation addresses emerging challenges, such as climate change, the sustainability of funding for public health, and managing health care costs, and how to counter these challenges though evidence-informed policies, technological innovation, and sustained, collaborative engagement. Dr. Jha provides a hopeful perspective on ways to overcome political divides and chart a path forward for something we all care about -- helping people live longer, healthier, better lives.

Read more:
Dr. Jha. references the seminal work of the late Uwe E. Reinhardt, a Princeton University professor and respected health care economist: "It's the Prices, Stupid: Why the United States is So Different From Other Countries."

Heather Howard penned an article related to their discussion on Long Covid and post-viral syndromes: "Learning From Past Disasters to Help Covid Long Haulers."

The Princeton Pulse Podcast is a production of Princeton University's Center for Health and Wellbeing (CHW). The show is hosted by Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health and Senior Services, produced by Aimee Bronfeld, and edited by Alex Brownstein. You can subscribe to The Princeton Pulse Podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you enjoy your favorite podcasts.

On this episode of the Princeton Pulse Podcast, we dig into the ongoing debate about banning menthol cigarettes in the United States.

We’ve known for decades that menthol cigarettes are more addictive and ultimately more harmful than tobacco-flavored cigarettes. Yet they’re still around, attracting young smokers, increasing health disparities, and causing preventable deaths. That is why the FDA has proposed policy to prohibit their sale. Research clearly suggests that a federal ban could save up to 650,000 lives over the course of 40 years, and that one third of them would be Black Americans. Despite those findings, however, the policy is stalled under the influence of a presidential election year and lobbying by Big Tobacco.

Host Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health, delves into the historical context and the costs of delayed policy intervention with two guests: Keith Wailoo, a professor of history and public affairs at Princeton and author of the book "Pushing Cool: Big Tobacco, Racial Marketing, and the Untold Story of the Menthol Cigarette"; and Carol McGruder, founding member and co-chair of the African American Tobacco Control Leadership Council (AATCLC).
-----

Learn more about the AATCLC’s advocacy for the menthol cigarette ban at www.SavingBlackLives.org.

Visit www.keithwailoo.com to learn more about Keith Wailoo’s research, his latest book ("Pushing Cool: Big Tobacco, Racial Marketing, and the Untold Story of the Menthol Cigarette"), and other publications.

The Princeton Pulse Podcast is a production of Princeton University's Center for Health and Wellbeing (CHW). The show is hosted by Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health and Senior Services, produced by Aimee Bronfeld, and edited by Alex Brownstein. You can subscribe to The Princeton Pulse Podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you enjoy your favorite podcasts.

The Global Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance

This episode of the Princeton Pulse Podcast takes on one of the top 10 global public health threats facing humanity: antimicrobial resistance, often called AMR. According to the World Health Organization, this concerning phenomenon directly or indirectly claims more than six million lives each year. That means that antimicrobial-resistant infections are more deadly than AIDS or malaria.

Host Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health and Senior Services, is joined by two guests: Ramanan Laxminarayan, an environmental economist, epidemiologist, and lecturer at Princeton, as well as the founder and president of One Health Trust, a public health research organization; and Dr. Martin Blaser, a physician, microbiologist, and professor at Rutgers University, where he directs the Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine.

Recognizing the intrinsic connection between human, animal, and environmental health, the panel addresses how AMR affects food security, the economy, health equity, and our ability to fight future pandemics. They also talk about the United Nations’ upcoming “High Level Meeting,” which will gather world leaders this September to create a coordinated action plan.

---

Visit the One Health Trust website to learn more about the latest research, developments, and news on antimicrobial resistance.

This paper explains the need for global solutions to antibiotic resistance.

Dr. Blaser authored a book on the topic, “Missing Microbes: How the Overuse of Antiobiotics is Fueling our Modern Plagues,” 10 years ago, which was recently adapted into a movie, “The Invisible Extinction.”

The Princeton Pulse Podcast is a production of Princeton University's Center for Health and Wellbeing (CHW). The show is hosted by Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health and Senior Services, produced by Aimee Bronfeld, and edited by Alex Brownstein. You can subscribe to The Princeton Pulse Podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you enjoy your favorite podcasts.

This episode of the Princeton Pulse Podcast takes on medical debt, a pervasive and uniquely American problem. Forty one percent of U.S. adults, or about 100 million people, are struggling to pay their medical or dental bills, which has delayed or prevented care, worsened health outcomes, and incurred financial hardship.

Host Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health and Senior Services, delves into the latest research, the underlying drivers of medical debt, and its compelling consequences with two guests: Noam Levey, a senior correspondent for KFF Health News, who has reported on this topic extensively, and Eva Stahl, Vice President of Public Policy at Undue Medical Debt (Formerly RIP Medical Debt), a nonprofit dedicated to strengthening communities by abolishing medical debt.

The panel spotlights the personal, often heartbreaking stories of those grappling with health care debt, the inequitable impact on low-income populations and communities of color, and what we can do to alleviate this growing burden -- including federal and state policy responses.

---

Read an op-ed by Princeton University’s Heather Howard and Madison Linton '24 on the merits of an innovative pilot program, in partnership with Undue Medical Debt, to cancel an estimated $1 billion worth of medical debt for New Jersey residents.

Visit the KFF Health News website to see Noam Levey’s extensive reporting on medical debt.

Visit the Undue Medical Debt website to learn how the nonprofit organization is abolishing debt and impacting lives.

Read a report, prepared by RIP Medical Debt, that highlights the results of a national survey on the impact of medical debt.

The Princeton Pulse Podcast is a production of Princeton University's Center for Health and Wellbeing (CHW). The show is hosted by Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health and Senior Services, produced by Aimee Bronfeld, and edited by Alex Brownstein. You can subscribe to The Princeton Pulse Podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you enjoy your favorite podcasts.

This episode of the Princeton Pulse Podcast takes us to the front lines of the Covid-19 pandemic and other public health crises with Dr. Jerome Adams, former Surgeon General of the United States.

Serving as the “nation’s doctor” during the height of the pandemic, and as a member of the President’s Coronavirus Task Force, Dr. Adams was an integral part of the U.S. response to Covid-19. A public health expert and key spokesperson for the administration, he was uniquely responsible for not only understanding the science related to Covid-19, but for also relaying accurate, trusted information to American families as the virus rapidly evolved and spread around the world -- and misinformation spread just as rapidly as researchers tried to keep pace.

Now out of public office, Dr. Adams is Executive Director of Health Equity Initiatives and Distinguished Professor of Practice at Purdue University. He also authored a new book called “Crisis and Chaos: Lessons From the Front Lines of the War Against Covid-19.”

Host Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health and Senior Services, welcomes Dr. Adams to the show to talk about his successes and missteps as Surgeon General. They discuss the importance of depoliticizing public health, improving science and health literacy, preventing misinformation, and preparing for the next public health crisis. They also delve into his experiences as Indiana’s Health Commissioner, including the state’s response to the opioid crisis.

Read a related Op-Ed authored by Heather Howard and Brontë Nevins, MPA ’24, Princeton’s School of Public and International Affairs:
“Learning From Past Disasters to Help Covid Long Haulers”

Read about related research conducted by SPIA faculty members:
SPIA Faculty Study Pandemic’s Impact on Asian American Health, Long Covid | Princeton School of Public and International Affairs

The Princeton Pulse Podcast is a production of Princeton University's Center for Health and Wellbeing (CHW). The show is hosted by Heather Howard, a professor at Princeton University and former New Jersey Commissioner of Health and Senior Services, produced by Aimee Bronfeld, and edited by Alex Brownstein. You can subscribe to The Princeton Pulse Podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you enjoy your favorite podcasts.