[✐4. Allegretto] Upgrade your Japanese - humble and beautiful!

お+V(I,II)ます+します、ご+N/V(III)+します [謙譲語 Humble]

“I will call you later.”

[00:08]

Hello everyone. Today, we will practice the refined expressions which are useful in business situation. I also recommend you to use them when you talk to superiors or people you meet for the first time.

Note: Kenjougo is a humble way of speaking, when you speak to someone of a higher position of power or a senior person, in which you humble yourself down. Together with sonkeigo(honorific language), many learners are annoyed by these complicated systems - but today, we stick to the very basic of humble way of speaking. In fact, not just in a hierarchical context, it also gives others a sophisticated impression.

[00:21]

My condition of throat is not good today, but I will do my best.

[00:27]

Followings are when you talk about your own actions. In other words, the subject is “watashi = I”. Repeat after the sound ♫.

--- It’s difficult to reflect a humble way of speaking in the English translation, but think of it with the nuance of “let me do something (for you).” ---

[00:40]

1. I will lead the way.

2. I will explain how to use.

3. I will inform you of tomorrow’s schedule.

4. I will prepare it.

5. I will carry (your) bag.

6. I will give you the materials/handouts.

7. I will take your picture.

8. I will send the package/parcel.

9. I will lend you an umbrella.

10. I will call a taxi.

[02:45]

Now, make a sentence with “〜shimashouka” as follows.

For example,

We’re busy preparing for tomorrow’s meeting.

/ I, too, help

→ Shall I help you too?

Ready?

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「のちほど こちらから おでんわします。」

[00:08]

みなさん、こんにちは。きょうは、ビジネスでやくだつ、きれいなにほんごを れんしゅうします。めうえのひとや、はじめてあうひとと はなすときも、ぜひ、つかってみてください。

[00:21]

きょうは、ちょっとのどのちょうしがわるいんですが、がんばります。

[00:27]

みなさんが、じぶんじしんの こうどうについて はなすときのいいかたです。つまり、しゅごは｢わたし｣です。♫のあとをリピートしてください。

[00:40]

1. あんないします。

= ごあんないします。

2. つかいかたを せつめいします。

= つかいかたを ごせつめいします。

3. あしたのよていを れんらくします。

= あしたのよていを ごれんらくします。

4. よういします

= ごよういします。

5. かばんを もちます。

= かばんを おもちします。

6. しりょうを わたします。

= しりょうを おわたしします。

7. しゃしんをとります。

= しゃしんをおとりします。

8. にもつをおくります。

= にもつをおおくりします。

9. かさを かします。

= かさを おかしします。

10. タクシーをよびます。

= タクシーを およびします。

[02:45]

では、つぎのように「〜しましょうか」で、ぶんをつくってください。

たとえば、

あすの かいぎの じゅんびで いそがしいです。

/ わたしも てつだいます

→ わたしも おてつだいしましょうか。

いいですか

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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

[✐1. Adagio, 2.Andante] Onomatopoeia

“Every day, I’m totally tired.”

[00:07]

Hello everyone. We will practice onomatopoeia* today. The conversation will become more fun.

*Onomatopoeia = A word that expresses various states and movements with sound, including a sensory expression, although the sound is not actually heard.

Even the same onomatopoeia has different meanings depending on the context; e.g. “peko peko” could mean 1) “very hungry”, or 2) “be very humble” or “touch one’s forelock” = “He apologized humbly. / He apologized over and over again.”

Repeat after me

[00:16]

1. I’m very hungry.

→ peko peko = really hungry

2. I ate a lot.

→ pan pan = ate a lot and I’m stuffed

3. It’s raining a lot.

→ zaa zaa = pouring down

4. I’m very busy now.

→ bata bata = being busy

5. I’m very tired today.

→ heto heto = be exhausted

[01:24]

Now I will ask you a question, so please repeat the answer.

[01:29]

For example,

Have you already eaten?

→ Not yet. I’m peko peko (hungry).

Ready?

[01:37]

1. Have you eaten breakfast?

→ Not yet. I’m awfully hungry.

2. Would like to have a refill?

→ I’m full. I’m stuffed.

3. It rained a lot this morning, didn’t it?

→ You’re right. It was pouring.

4. You look busy.

→ Yes, I’ve been hectic since this morning.

5. Moving today was a lot of work, wasn’t it?

→ Yes, I’m totally worn out.

[02:54]

Next is onomatopoeia related to clothing.

Repeat after me

[02:59]

1. This outfit is baggy.

2. The jacket is shabby/crumpled/stringy

3. These shoes are too big (for me).

4. The Jeans are too tight to wear.

5. This T-shirts is super tight.

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「まいにち、ヘトヘトです。」

[00:07]

みなさん、こんにちは。きょうは オノマトペ*を れんしゅうします。かいわが もっと たのしくなりますよ。

Repeat after me

[00:16]

1. おなかが とてもすいています。

→ おなかが ペコペコです。

2. たくさん たべました。

→ おなかが パンパンです。

3. すごい あめが ふっています。

→ あめが ザーザー ふっています。

4. いま とても いそがしいです。

→ (いそがして)バタバタしています。

5. きょうは とても つかれました。

→ きょうは へとへとです。

[01:24]

では、しつもんしますから、そのこたえを リピートしてください。

[01:29]

たとえば、

もうごはんをたべましたか。

→ まだです。ペコペコです。

いいですか。

[01:37]

1. ちょうしょくを たべましたか。

→ まだです。ペコペコです。

2. おかわり、いかがですか。

→ もういっぱいです。パンパンです。

3. あさ、あめが すごかったですね。

→ そうですね、ザーザーふっていました。

4. いそがしそうですね。

→ そうなんです。あさからバタバタして(い)ます。

5. きょうのひっこしは たいへんでしたね。

→ はい、もう へとへとです。

[02:54]

つぎは、いふくに かんけいする オノマトペです。

Repeat after me

[02:59]

1. このふくは ダボダボです。

2. ジャケットは ヨレヨレでした。

3. このくつは ブカブカです。

4. ジーンズが ピチピチで はけません。

5. このTシャツは キツキツです。

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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

[✐3.Moderato] only : 〜しか +negatives

“It’s now or never.”「いましか ありません = いまでしょ！」

(By the way, the Japanese translation for “it’s now or never” is “ima shika arimasen” or “ima desho! (casual). Meanwhile, the Japanese title for Elves Presrey’s “It’s now or never” is in katakana “ittsu nau oa nevaa”.

In Japan, “ima desho!” became popular in 2013 and actually was one of the buzzwords of the year, after a literature teacher Hayashi spat it out in a prep school TV advertisement (00:19). Check the link when you have time.)

[00:08]

Happy New Year, everyone! I hope you will stick with me for this year as well. Let’s start straight away.

Repeat after me

[00:20]

1. I have 500 yen in my wallet

2. I have only 500 yen in my wallet.

= general description of the situation

3. I only have 500 yen (but nothing else) in my wallet.

= implying that the speaker feels it’s not enough.

[01:01]

“〜shika” is always used with negatives and it emphasizes the fact or implies speaker’s personal feeling.

[01:13]

1. There is a break for 20 minutes.

2. There is a break for only 20 minutes.

3. There is nothing but a 20 minutes break.

[01:53]

Nr. 3 has the nuance that a 20-minute break is not enough．

[02:02]

Now, let’s change the next sentence to a sentence with “〜shika + negatives”.

For example,

There is a ballpoint pen.

→ There is nothing but a ballpoint pen.

Ready?

1. I understand Hiragana.

→ I understand nothing but Hiragana.

(3, Oops, No. 2) ← I made a mistake!

2. I eat fish which is grilled.

→ I only eat grilled fish (not another cooked way)

3. I can swim 50 m.

→ I can swim only 50 m (alas…).

4. There is black colour for this smartphone.

→ The colour of this smartphone is only black.

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「いましか ありません = いまでしょ！」

[00:08]

みなさん、しんねんあけまして おめでとう ございます。ことしも どうぞよろしく おねがい いたします。では、さっそくはじめますよ。

Repeat after me

[00:20]

1. さいふのなかに、500えん あります。

2. さいふのなかに、500えんだけ あります。

= general description of the situation

3. さいふのなかに、500えんしか ありません。

= meaning that the speaker feels it’s not enough.

[01:01]

〜しか is always used with negatives and it emphasizes the fact or implies speaker’s personal feeling.

[01:13]

1. きゅうけいは20ぷんあります。

2. きゅうけいは20ぷんだけ あります。

3. きゅうけいは20ぷんしか ありません。

[01:53]

Nr. 3 has the nuance that a 20-minute break is not enough．

[02:02]

では、つぎのぶんを、｢〜しか + negatives｣にかえましょう。

たとえば、

ボールペンが あります。

→ ボールペンしか ありません。

いいですか。

[02:15]

1. ひらがなが わかります。

→ ひらがなしか わかりません。

(3、 あ、２ばんね)← まちがえました！

2. さかなは やいたものを たべます。

→ さかなは やいたものしか たべません。

3. わたしは50メートル およげます。

→ わたしは50メートルしかおよげません。

4. このスマホのいろは くろが あります。

→ このスマホのいろは くろしか ありません。

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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

[4.Allegretto] V-Plainはずです、Nのはずです

“The five-star restaurant should/must surely be delicious.”

[00:09]

Hello everyone.

You are now waiting for a train on the platform. There is a newsstand (Kiosk). Would you like to buy a chewing gum or something?

Repeat after me

[00:22]

1. Chewing gum should be on the far right.

2. Chocolate should be next to it.

3. I think* the morning papers have been sold out.

(urikire = sold out)

(* “think” here is more like “believe”.)

4. The gossip magazine should be released tomorrow.

5. A new type of mask should come soon.

6. There should be umbrellas in different colours.

(irochigai no = in different colours)

(* “think” here is more like “believe”.)

[01: 45]

You bought a copy machine and need an extension cord. Ask your family where it is.

[01:55]

"Where is an extension cord?"

Repeat after me

[02:00]

1. The extension code should be in that drawer.

2. The one we bought yesterday should be in the car.

3. I think* the one we bought last week hasn’t been used yet.

4. I think* we gave the one we bought last year to our neighbor.

5. I think* we have thrown away the old extension code.

(* “think” here is more like “believe”.)

[03:16]

Then, make a sentence using “hazu desu” as follows. Be aware with i-adjectives and na-adjectives.

For example,

[03:26]

· difficult: muzukashii [i-adjective]

→ Muzukashii hazudesu.

· not good at : heta [na-adjective]

→ Hetana hazudesu.

Ready?

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「いつつぼしの レストランは きっとおいしい はずです。」

[00:09]

みなさん、こんにちは。

みなさんは、いまプラットフォームででんしゃをまっています。ばいてんが ありますね。ガムか なにか かいたいですか…？

Repeat after me

[00:22]

1. ガムは みぎはしに あるはずです。

2. チョコレートは そのとなりに あるはずです。

3. けさのしんぶんは うりきれの はずです。

(うりきれ = sold out)

4. ゴシップざっしは あした はつばいのはずです。

5. もうすぐ あたらしいタイプのマスクがくるはずです。

6. かさは いろちがいが あるはずです。

(いろちがいの = in different colours)

[01: 45]

みなさんはコピーきを かいましたが、えんちょうコード(extension cord)が ひつようです。どこに あるか かぞくにききましょう。

[01:55]

｢えんちょうコード、 どこ だっけ？｣

Repeat after me

[02:00]

1. えんちょうコードは そのひきだしのなかにあるはず(です)。

2. きのうかったのは(きのうかったえんちょうコードは) くるまのなかにあるはず(です)。

3. せんしゅうかったのは まだ つかっていないはず(です)。

4. きょねんかったのは となりのひとにあげたはず(です)。

5. ふるいえんちょうコードは すてたはず(です)。

[03:16]

では、つぎのように｢〜はずです｣をつかってぶんをつくってください。｢い・けいようし｣と｢な・けいようし｣に きをつけましょう。

[03:26]

たとえば、

· むずかしい[い・けいようし]

→ むずかしい はずです。

· へた[な・けいようし]

→ へたな はずです。

いいですか。

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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

[✐2. Andante] Detailed definition of nouns

“Podcast I often listen to is this.”

[00:08]

Hello, everyone. Today, we will start with a quiz. First, repeat the 5 hints and then answer the question.

Repeat after me

[00:20]

1. This is probably a thing you have.

2. This is a thing that fits in a bag or your pocket.

3. This is a thing you can listen to the music.

4. This is a thing that you can also read news or books.

5. This is a thing you should not use while driving a car.

[01:37]

So, what is this? …. It’s a smartphone.

[01:44]

Then, next quiz. Who is this?

Repeat after me

[01:49]

1. This is a person who sleeps long(oft).

2. This is a person who has soft skin and smells good.

3. This is a person who drinks milk a lot(oft).

4. This is a person who cries when s/he is hungry.

5. This is a person who makes his family happy when s/he laughs.

[02:49]

Well, who is this? … It’s a baby.

[02:55]

Will san always use a bicycle, but actually his hobby is driving. What kind of car is it? (The followings are what) Will san replied.

Repeat after me

[03:09]

1. It’s a red Japanese car.

2. It’s the car my dad used to be driving.

(のる = here means うんてんする)

3. It’s a car that I always polish cleanly.

4. It’s a car whose mirror broke last week.

5. It’s a car that I have to send for repair quite often.

(しょっちゅう = quite often)

[04:18]

Now, listen to the [Key Words], and then repeat (the phrase).

For example,

[04:25]

[KW] suitcase, I use for travel

→ suitcase which I use for travel

OK?

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「よくきくポッドキャストはこれです。」

[00:08]

みなさん、こんにちは。きょうは、クイズからはじめます。まず、5つのヒントをリピートしてから、しつもんに こたえてください。

Repeat after me

[00:20]

1. これは たぶんあなたがもっているものです。

2. これは かばんや ポケットに はいるものです。

3. これは おんがくをきくことが できるものです。

4. これは ニュースや ほんを よむことも できるものです。

5. これは くるまの うんてんちゅうに つかっては いけないものです。

[01:37]

さて、これは なんですか……スマホですね。

[01:44]

では、つぎです。これは だれですか。

Repeat after me

[01:49]

1. よくねるひとです。

2. はだがやわらかくて、いいにおいがするひとです。

3. ミルクを よくのむ ひと です。

4. おなかが すくと なくひとです。

5. わらうと かぞくが しあわせになる ひとです。

[02:49]

さて、これは だれですか….。あかちゃんですね。

[02:55]

ウィルさんは いつも じてんしゃを つかいますが、じつは、しゅみはドライブです。どんなくるまですか。ウィルさんが、おしえてくれました。

Repeat after me

[03:09]

1. あかい にほんのくるまです。

2. ちちが のっていた くるまです。

(のる = here means うんてんする)

3. いつも、きれいに みがく くるまです。

4. せんしゅう、ミラーがこわれた くるまです。

5. しょっちゅう、しゅうりに ださなければ ならないくるまです。

(しょっちゅう = quite often)

[04:18]

では、まず、[Key Words]をききます。それから、リピートしてください。

たとえば、

[04:25]

[KW] スーツケース、りょこうで つかいます

→ りょこうで つかうスーツケース

いいですか。

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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

[✐3.Moderato] Conditional: -eba 〜ば いいですか、i-adjective, noun：〜nara 「リクエストがあれば、おしえてください。」
“If you have a request, let me know.”
[00:08]
Hello, everyone. We begin with reviewing 3 forms; Masu-, Jisho- and Jouken(conditional)-Kei(forms).
Repeat after me
[00:17]
1.  eat
2.  see/watch/look
3.  be
4.  fall(rain, snow)
5.  read
6.  go
7.  hear/listen
8.  meet/see
9.  buy
10.  call
11.  do
12.  come
[01:38]
There are Jouken(conditional)-kei(form) of na- and i-adjectives.  Note that “〜nara” follows after adjectives and nouns.
Repeat after me
[01:51]
1.  good
2.  bad
3.  high/tall/expensive
4.  cheap
5.  clean/beautiful
6.  free/disengaged/leisure
7.  quiet
8.  rain
9.  snow
10.  spring
[02:45]
Now let’s practice with sentences.
Repeat after me
[02:48]
1.  If you walk, it’s about 20 minutes to the station.
2.  If you go to that 100-yen shop, you can buy almost anything.
3.  If you have a question, ask me.
4.  If you eat this, you’ll be fine.
5.  If it’s clear on weekend, I will play tennis.
6.  If it snows, it’s “White Christmas”, isn’t it?
7.  If you read this, you will understand it well.
8.  If you take the medicine, you will get better.
9.  If you call the police, they will come soon.
10.  If you buy two, the third one is half price.
11.  When it comes to coffee, I recommend you that café.
12.  Where should I write my name?
13.  I’d like to go to Asakusa, but how can I go(get) there?
14.  I don’t know how to use this. What should I do?
[05:31]
Make a sentence as follows;
For example,
Tomorrow rain, cancel
→  If it rains tomorrow, it will be cancelled.
Here we go.

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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

[✐3. Moderato]V・じしょ+よていです、 Nの+よていです

“I plan to telework (work from home) tomorrow.”

[00:08]

Hello, everyone. How are you doing? I’m going to (I have a plan to go to) a dentist tomorrow. The filling of the back teeth has come off. I don’t like (to go to) a dentist, but there is no choice (I have to go).

[00:22]

By the way, do you have any plans for winter or Christmas?

Repeat after me

[00:30]

1. I plan to go skiing.

2. I plan to read a lot of books.

3. I plan to go on a trip somewhere.

4. I plan to go and see my family.

5. I plan to relax at home.

6. I plan to indulge myself in watching video.

(〜zanmai(wo)suru = indulge oneself in)

[01:40]

All of the above can be replaced with “〜tsumori desu (intend to)“

Repeat after me

[01:48]

1. I intend to go skiing.

2. I intend to read a lot of books.

3. I intend to go on a trip somewhere.

4. I intend to go and see my family.

5. I intend to relax at home.

6. I intend to indulge myself in watching video.

[02:58]

Now, let’s practice “noun” + “〜no yotei desu”

Repeat after me

[03:07]

1. The interview is scheduled for Wednesday.

2. Sommelier exam is scheduled tomorrow.

3. The business trip is scheduled for three days.

4. An online meeting is scheduled in the afternoon.

5. The delivery is scheduled for next week.

6. The party will be postponed.

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あしたは テレワーク(に) するよていです。

[00:08]

みなさん、こんにちは。おげんきですか。わたしは あした、はいしゃに いく よていです。おくばに つめていたものが、とれたんです。はいしゃは いや ですね。でも、しかたがありません。

[00:22]

さて、みなさん、ふゆ、または、クリスマスのよていはありますか。

Repeat after me

[00:30]

1. スキーをしにいく よていです。

2. たくさんほんをよむ よていです。

3. どこか りょこうにいく よていです。

4. かぞくに あいにいく よていです。

5. うちで ゆっくりする よていです。

6. ビデオざんまい(を)する よていです。

(〜ざんまい(を)する = indulge oneself in)

[01:40]

これらはすべて「〜つもりです」で おきかえることができます。

Repeat after me

[01:48]

1. スキーをしにいく つもりです。

2. たくさんほんをよむ つもりです。

3. どこかりょこうにいく つもりです。

4. かぞくに あいに いく つもりです。

5. うちで ゆっくりする つもりです。

6. ビデオざんまいする つもりです。

[02:58]

では、「めいし」+「〜のよていです」の

れんしゅうも しましょう。

[03:07]

1. インタビューは すいようびの よていです。

2. あした、ソムリエのしけんのよていです。

3. しゅっちょうは みっかかんの よていです。

4. ごご、オンラインかいぎの よていです。

5. はいたつは らいしゅうの よていです。

6. パーティはえんきの よていです。

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Need more translation & transcript? Become a patron: More episodes with full translation and Japanese transcripts. Members-only podcast feed for your smartphone app. Japanese Swotter on Patreon
Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

[✐all levels] 「(N)なら、(N)です」: in the case of, then, in the event that, if it is, if so〜, when it comes to
[00:07]
Hello, everyone.
“Sushi nara Wasabi desu” would be; “If it is Sushi, you eat with Wasabi (not with Ketchup)”, for example. This translation is just one of many.

“〜nara,〜desu” means;  in the case of, in the event that, if so, when it comes to etc, and the meaning varies with different contexts. We use only nouns to construct this pattern today. So it’s easy.

Repeat the sentence and think about the meaning. Then check my sample translation.  I say “sample”, because there could be more possibile translations.  Here we go.

(There may be different translations depending on the context or background. )

Repeat after me
[00:59]
1.  If you want to visit Japan, you should go in Spring.
My favourite season in Japan is Spring.
If you want to know when is the best season in Japan, it is Spring.
2.  If you want to visit Japan, you should go to Kyoto.
When it comes to Japan, Kyoto is the most popular city.
If you go to Japan, you should visit Kyoto.
3.  If you are in Tokyo, you should go to Asakusa.
If I were asked which area in Tokyo to visit, I would say Asakusa.
One of the most popular touristic area in Tokyo is Asakusa.
4.  If it is Anime,  (I recommend) Doraemon.
5.  If you ask me which movie I like, it is French movies.
In case you want to watch a film, I recommend a french film.
6.  If it rains on weekend, the barbecue will be cancelled.
7.  If it is tomorrow, I have time.
8.  In terms of alcohol, if it is a little bit, I’m OK. (=I can drink a little alcohol).
9.  When it comes to smartphone, this model should be the one. (= I recommend
this model. )
10.  If it is only Hiragana, it is fine.  (=I can read/manage if it is written only in
Hiragana.)
[02:31]
Now, make a sentence.
For example;
Sushi, toro(tuna)
→ If you eat Sushi, try Toro(Tuna).
(Again, those are sample translations.)
Are you ready?
[02:40]
1.→ If you eat Sushi, eat with Soy source and wasabi.
2.→ If you want to know where to go skiing, I’d say Hokkaido.
3.→ When it comes to shopping, I suggest to go to Shinjuku.
4. → If it rains heavily, I will take a taxi.
5.  → If asked who will be the next prime minister, I’d say Tabe san.

Dialogue (Plain Style)
[04:02]
A:  ah I’m hungry.
B:  If you are thinking of a packed lunch, you should try department store’s basement food floor. It’s amazing. Lots of choices!
A:  But I feel like eating Ramen, though.
B:  ah, Ramen?.  If it’s Ramen, the Ramen shop in front of the station is good.  If my memory is correct, the name of the shop is…..

Repeat after me (in Masu Style)
[04:25]
1.  → I’m hungry.
2.  → If you like a packed lunch, try a department store’s basement food floor.
3.  → I feel like eating Ramen.
4.  → If it’s Ramen, the ramen shop in front of the station is good/delicious/worth going.
[05:13]
That’s all for today.  It was fun, ne.
If it is Podcast, you can practice speaking in the bed, right?
See you again!

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Need more translation & transcript? Become a patron: More episodes with full translation and Japanese transcripts. Members-only podcast feed for your smartphone app. Japanese Swotter on Patreon
Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.